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European conger
The European conger (''Conger conger'') is a species of conger of the family Congridae. It is the largest eel in the world and native to the northeast Atlantic, including the Mediterranean Sea.
==Description and behavior==
European congers have an average adult length of , a maximum known length of , and maximum weigh of roughly ,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Conger conger )〕 making them the largest eels in the world by weight, they can be rivaled or marginally exceeded in length by the largest species of moray eel but these tend to be more slender and thus weigh less than the larger congers.〔LOH, K., Hussein, M. A. S., Chong, V. C., & Sasekumar, A. (2015). ''Notes on the Moray Eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of Malaysia with Two New Records''. Sains Malaysiana, 44(1), 41-47.〕 Average specimens caught will weigh only .〔Charton, B., & Tietjen, J. (2009). ''The Facts on File dictionary of marine science''. Infobase Publishing.〕〔Shapley, R., & Gordon, J. (1980). ''The visual sensitivity of the retina of the conger eel''. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences, 209(1175), 317-330.〕 Females, with an average length at sexual maturity of , are much larger than males, with an average length at sexual maturity of .〔Matić-Skoko, S., Ferri, J., Tutman, P., Skaramuca, D., Đikić, D., Lisičić, D., ... & Skaramuca, B. (2012). ''The age, growth and feeding habits of the European conger eel, Conger conger (L.) in the Adriatic Sea''. Marine Biology Research, 8(10), 1012-1018.〕
The body is very long, anguilliform, without scales. The color is usually gray, but can also be blackish. The belly is white. A row of small white spots is aligned along the lateral line. The head is almost conical, and slightly depressed. The snout is rounded and prominent, with lateral olfactory holes. The large gill openings are in the lateral position. The conical teeth are arranged in rows on the jaws. The dorsal and anal fins are confluent with caudal fin. Pectoral fins are present, while ventral fins are absent.
Conger eels have habits similar to moray eels. They usually live amongst rocks in holes, or "eel pits", sometimes in one hole together with moray eels. They come out from their holes at night to hunt. These nocturnal predators mainly feed on fish, cephalopods, and crustaceans, although they are thought to scavenge on dead and rotting fish, as well as actively hunt live fish.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Conger Eel )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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